Due to the geographical separation of the Malabar Coast from Tamil Nadu, and the presence of Western Ghats mountain ranges in between these two geographical regions, the dialect of Tamil spoken in the territory of the western Malabar Coast of the ancient Chera kingdom was different from that spoken in the Tamil-mainland. The western dialect of Old Tamil spoken in the southwestern Malabar Coast of India was known as Malanaattu Tamil/ Malabar Tamil (Meaning the Tamil of the hilly region/the Tamil of Malabar) since the ancient Sangam period (300 BCE - 300 CE). The modern Malayalam grammar is based on the book Kerala Panineeyam written by A. Mukundan, Arundhati Roy, and Vaikom Muhammed Basheer, have gained international recognition. Kurup, and Akkitham Achuthan Namboothiri, had made valuable contributions to the modern Malayalam literature. Pottekkatt, Thakazhi Sivasankara Pillai, Edasseri Govindan Nair, M. In the second half of the 20th century, Jnanpith winning poets and writers like G. The tendency of the modern poetry is often towards political radicalism. Contemporary Malayalam poetry deals with social, political, and economic life context. Ullor wrote in the classical tradition, appealing for universal love, while Vallathol responded to the human significance of social progress. Kumaran Asan was temperamentally a pessimist-a disposition reinforced by his metaphysics-yet all his life was active in promoting his downtrodden Hindu- Ezhava community. Parameswara Iyer and Vallathol Narayana Menon. Modern literary movements in Malayalam literature began in the late 19th century with the rise of the famous Modern Triumvirate consisting of Kumaran Asan, Ulloor S. Contemporary Malayalam literature deals with social, political, and economic life context. The prose literature, criticism, and Malayalam journalism began after the latter half of 18th century CE.
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His poems are classified under the genre of kilippattu. Ezhuthachan, a strong proponent of Bhakti movement, is known as the father of Malayalam. The words used in many of the Arabi Malayalam works those date back to 16th-17th centuries of Common Era are also very closer to the modern Malayalam language. The growth of Arabi Malayalam literature eventually lead to Mappila Songs. There were also other important works, in Arabi Malayalam like Muhyadheen Mala, which was also produced in 16th-17th centuries of Common Era. The Bharathappuzha river, also known as River Ponnani, and its tributaries, have played a major role in the development of modern Malayalam Literature. Kunchan Nambiar, a poet pf 18th century CE, also has contributed much to Malayalam literature in its early form. Thunchathu Ezhuthachchan is also known as The father of modern Malayalam literature. Later, poets like Cherusseri introduced poems on devotional themes.ĭesignated a "Classical Language in India" in 2013, Malayalam literature developed into the current form mainly by the influence of the poets Cherusseri Namboothiri, Thunchaththu Ezhuthachan, and Poonthanam Nambudiri, in the 15th and the 16th centuries of Common Era. Then came works such as champus and sandeshakavyas in which prose and poetry were interspersed. Manipravalam (translates "ruby coral") style consisted of poetry in an admixture of Malayalam and Sanskrit. In the subsequent centuries, besides a popular Pattu ("song") literature, the manipravalam poetry also flourished. The earliest known literary works in Malayalam are Ramacharitam and Thirunizhalmala, two epic poems written in Old Malayalam. It is generally agreed that the Quilon Syrian copper plates of 849/850 CE is the available oldest inscription written in Old Malayalam. The origin of Malayalam calendar dates back to year 825 CE.
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Some linguists claim that an inscription found from Edakkal Caves, Wayanad, which belongs to 3rd century CE (approximately 1,800 years old), is the oldest available inscription in Malayalam, as they contain two modern Malayalam words, Ee (This) and Pazhama (Old), those are not found even in the Oldest form of Tamil.
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The Sangam literature can be considered as the ancient predecessor of Malayalam. Malayalam literature has been presented with 6 Jnanapith awards, the second-most for any Dravidian language and the third-highest for any Indian language. The first travelogue in any Indian language is the Malayalam Varthamanappusthakam, written by Paremmakkal Thoma Kathanar in 1785. Malayalam literature comprises those literary texts written in Malayalam, a South-Dravidian language spoken in the Indian state of Kerala. Malayalam, the Lingua franca of the Indian state of Kerala and the union territories of Lakshadweep and Puduchery, is one of the six Classical languages of India.